What happened
Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan agreed on water and energy cooperation. A meeting of the heads of water and energy agencies took place in Almaty against the backdrop of the difficult hydrological situation at the Toktogul reservoir. The parties agreed to coordinate the supply of energy resources and joint actions for the stable passage of the autumn-winter period and preparation for the growing season. The participation of the ministers of the three states emphasizes the strategic importance of the agreements. Following the negotiations, the parties signed a trilateral protocol, which consolidates the volumes of winter electricity supplies and water accumulation for the 2026 season.
Why is this important
- Regions face water shortages and increased load on energy systems — without coordination, the risk of disruptions increases.
- Joint deliveries will support Kyrgyzstan in conditions of low water levels — which is critical for food security.
- Coordination of power systems will reduce the likelihood of emergency shutdowns.
- Energy conservation mechanisms are the basis for a long-term and sustainable water and energy balance.
Key agreements
- Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are ready to supply electricity to Kyrgyzstan.
- Energy resources will allow the region to reduce electricity production during the autumn-winter period and accumulate water in the Toktogul reservoir.
- The accumulated water will be directed to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan to ensure stable irrigation of the southern regions during the growing season.
- Joint support measures, technical support for transit and balancing of the energy system were agreed upon.
Context
- Water and energy in Central Asia are closely interconnected — the volume of water in reservoirs directly affects electricity production, agriculture, and food chain safety.
- The Toktogul reservoir is a key resource and, at the same time, the main source of water for the three regions.
- The deterioration of the hydrological situation increases the load on the infrastructure.
- The trilateral agreement creates predictability in water resource management and helps CA countries and strengthens joint resilience to climate and energy challenges.
